Franz Anton Mesmer (born Friedrich Anton Mesmer; May 23, 1734 — March 5, 1815) was a German physician and astrologist, who discovered what he called magn?tisme animal (animal magnetism[1]) and other spiritual forces often grouped together as mesmerism. The evolution of Mesmer's ideas and practices led Scottish surgeon James Braid to develop hypnosis in 1842. Mesmer's name is the root of the English verb "mesmerize".
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